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在配電設備上工作的一般規定有哪些?

What are the general rules for working on distribution equipment?

2020-01-06

在配電設備上工作的一般規定有哪些?
配電設備[包括高壓配電室、箱式變電站、配電變壓器臺架、低壓配電室(箱)、環網柜、電纜分支箱]停電檢修時,應使用第一種工作票;同一天內幾處高壓配電室、箱式變電站、配電變壓器臺架進行同一類型工作,可使用一張工作票。高壓線路不停電時,工作負責人應向全體人員說明線路上有電,并加強監護。 
       在高壓配電室、箱式變電站、配電變壓器臺架上進行工作,不論線路是否停電,應先拉開低壓側刀閘,后拉開高壓側隔離開關(刀閘)或跌落式熔斷器,在停電的高、低壓引線上驗電、接地。以上操作可不使用操作票,在工作負責人監護下進行。 
       作業前檢查雙電源和有自備電源的用戶已采取機械或電氣聯鎖等防反送電的強制性技術措施。
在雙電源和有自備電源的用戶線路的高壓系統接入點,應有明顯斷開點,以防止停電作業時用戶設備反送電。 
       環網柜、電纜分支箱等箱式設備宜設置驗電、接地裝置。 
       進行配電設備停電作業前,應斷開可能送電到待檢修設備、配電變壓器各側的所有線路(包括用戶線路)斷路器(開關)、隔離開關(刀閘)和熔斷器,并驗電、接地后,才能進行工作。 
       兩臺及以上配電變壓器低壓側共用一個接地引下線時,其中任一臺配電變壓器停電檢修,其他配電變壓器也應停電。 
       配電設備驗電時,應戴絕緣手套。如無法直接驗電,可以按3.3.3條的規定進行間接驗電。 
       進行電容器停電工作時,應先斷開電源,將電容器充分放電、接地后才能進行工作。
       配電設備接地電阻不合格時,應戴絕緣手套方可接觸箱體。
       配電設備應有防誤閉鎖裝置,防誤閉鎖裝置不準隨意退出運行。倒閘操作過程中禁止解鎖。如需解鎖,應履行批準手續。解鎖工具(鑰匙)使用后應及時封存。
       配電設備中使用的普通型電纜接頭,禁止帶電插拔。可帶電插拔的肘型電纜接頭,不宜帶負荷操作。
       桿塔上帶電核相時,作業人員與帶電部位保持表5-1的安全距離。核相工作應逐相進行。


The first type of work order should be used when the power supply equipment [including high-voltage distribution room, box type substation, distribution transformer rack, low-voltage distribution room (box), ring main cabinet, cable branch box] is out of service; one work ticket can be used for several high-voltage distribution rooms, box type substations and distribution transformer platforms for the same type of work in the same day. When the high-voltage line is not powered off, the person in charge of the work shall explain to all personnel that there is power on the line and strengthen the monitoring.

When working on the high-voltage distribution room, box type substation and distribution transformer bench, whether the line is power-off or not, the low-voltage side knife switch shall be opened first, and then the high-voltage side isolating switch (knife switch) or drop out fuse shall be opened, and the power test and grounding shall be conducted on the high-voltage and low-voltage leads of power failure. The above operations can be carried out under the supervision of the person in charge of the work without using the operation ticket.

Before operation, check that the users with dual power supply and self provided power supply have taken mechanical or electrical interlocking and other mandatory technical measures to prevent reverse power transmission.

The high voltage system access point of double power supply and user line with self provided power supply should have obvious disconnection point to prevent reverse power transmission of user equipment during power failure operation.

The ring main unit, cable branch box and other box type equipment should be equipped with electricity inspection and grounding devices.

Before power failure operation of power distribution equipment, circuit breakers (switches), disconnectors (knife switches) and fuses of all lines (including user lines) that may transmit power to all sides of the equipment to be overhauled and distribution transformers shall be disconnected, and then the work can be carried out after power inspection and grounding.

When two or more distribution transformers share one grounding down lead at the low voltage side, one of the distribution transformers shall be cut off for maintenance, and other distribution transformers shall also be cut off.

Insulating gloves shall be worn when power distribution equipment is tested. If it is impossible to directly test electricity, indirect electricity test can be carried out according to the provisions of article 3.3.3.

When the capacitor is cut off, the power supply should be cut off first, and the capacitor can be fully discharged and grounded before operation.

When the grounding resistance of distribution equipment is unqualified, insulating gloves should be worn before contacting the box.

The power distribution equipment shall be equipped with anti misoperation locking device, which shall not be out of operation at will. It is forbidden to unlock during switching operation. If it needs to be unlocked, it should go through the approval procedures. The unlocking tools (keys) should be sealed up in time after use.

The common cable joint used in power distribution equipment shall not be plugged in and out with hot line. The elbow type cable joint that can be plugged in and out should not be operated with load.

When the charged phase is detected on the tower, the operator shall keep a safe distance from the live part in Table 5-1. Phase checking should be carried out phase by phase.

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